La guerra hispanoamericana y la medalla de honor.-a

Introducción 

La guerra hispanoamericana (en español : Guerra Hispano-Estadounidense , desastre del 98, Guerra Hispano-Cubana-Norteamericana o Guerra de Cuba ) fue un conflicto militar entre España y Estados Unidos que comenzó en abril de 1898. Las hostilidades se detuvieron en agosto de ese año año, y el Tratado de París se firmó en diciembre.

La guerra comenzó después de que se rechazó la demanda estadounidense de que España resolviera pacíficamente la lucha cubana por la independencia , aunque el fuerte sentimiento expansionista en los Estados Unidos puede haber motivado al gobierno a apuntar a los restantes territorios de ultramar de España: Cuba , Puerto Rico , Filipinas , Guam y el Islas Carolinas .

Los disturbios en La Habana por parte de los "Voluntarios" pro-españoles le dieron a Estados Unidos una razón para enviar el buque de guerra USS  Maine para indicar un alto interés nacional. La tensión entre el pueblo estadounidense aumentó debido a la explosión del USS  Maine y al " periodismo amarillo " que acusó a España de grandes atrocidades, agitando la opinión pública estadounidense. La guerra terminó después de decisivas victorias navales para los Estados Unidos en Filipinas y Cuba.

El Tratado de París puso fin al conflicto 109 días después del estallido de la guerra, dando a los Estados Unidos la propiedad de las antiguas colonias españolas de Puerto Rico , Filipinas y Guam.

Destinatarios 

Durante la guerra hispanoamericana, se otorgan un total de 112 medallas de honor, incluido 1 otorgado a título póstumo. 31 para el ejército, 66 para la marina y 15 para la marina.  

Name	Service	Rank	Place of action	Date of action
Benjamin F. Baker	Navy	Coxswain	aboard USS Nashville, Battle of Cienfuegos, Cuba	May 11, 1898
Edward L. Baker, Jr.	Army	Sergeant Major	Santiago, Cuba	Jul 1, 1898
David D. Barrow	Navy	Seaman	aboard USS Nashville, Battle of Cienfuegos, Cuba	May 11, 1898
Dennis Bell	Army	Private	Battle of Tayacoba, Cuba	Jun 30, 1898
James H. Bennett	Navy	Chief Boatswain's Mate	aboard USS Marblehead, Battle of Cienfuegos, Cuba	May 11, 1898
George Berg	Army	Private	Battle of El Caney, Cuba	Jul 1, 1898
Albert Beyer	Navy	Coxswain	aboard USS Nashville, Battle of Cienfuegos, Cuba	May 11, 1898
Robert Blume	Navy	Seaman	aboard USS Nashville, Battle of Cienfuegos, Cuba	May 11, 1898
George F. Brady	Navy	Chief Gunner's Mate	aboard USS Winslow, Battle of Cárdenas, Cuba	May 11, 1898
George W. Bright	Navy	Coal Passer	aboard USS Nashville, Battle of Cienfuegos, Cuba	May 11, 1898
Oscar Brookin	Army	Private	Battle of El Caney, Cuba	Jul 1, 1898
Ulysses G. Buzzard	Army	Corporal	Battle of El Caney, Cuba	Jul 1, 1898
Daniel Campbell	Marine Corps	Private	aboard USS Marblehead, Battle of Cienfuegos, Cuba	May 11, 1898
Charles P. Cantrell	Army	Private	Santiago, Cuba	Jul 1, 1898
Joseph E. Carter	Navy	Blacksmith	aboard USS Marblehead, Battle of Cienfuegos, Cuba	May 11, 1898
Thomas Cavanaugh	Navy	Fireman First Class	aboard USS Potomac from Cat Island to Nassau	Nov 14, 1898
Leonard Chadwick	Navy	Apprentice First Class	aboard USS Marblehead, Battle of Cienfuegos, Cuba	May 11, 1898
George Charrette	Navy	Gunner's Mate First Class	USS Merrimac, harbor of Santiago de Cuba	Jun 2, 1898
James R. Church	Army	Assistant Surgeon	Las Guasimas, Cuba	Jun 24, 1898
Claus K. R. Clausen	Navy	Coxswain	USS Merrimac, harbor of Santiago de Cuba	Jun 2, 1898
Thomas C. Cooney	Navy	Chief Machinist	aboard USS Winslow, Battle of Cárdenas, Cuba	May 11, 1898
William A. Crouse	Navy	Watertender	aboard USS Concord off Cavite, Manila Bay, the Philippines	May 21, 1898
Andrew J. Cummins	Army	Sergeant	Santiago, Cuba	Jul 1, 1898
John Davis	Navy	Gunner's Mate Third Class	aboard U.S.S.Marblehead, Battle of Cienfuegos, Cuba	May 11, 1898
John F. De Swan	Army	Private	Santiago, Cuba	Jul 1, 1898
Osborn Deignan	Navy	Coxswain	USS Merrimac, harbor of Santiago de Cuba	Jun 2, 1898
Thomas M. Doherty	Army	Corporal	Santiago, Cuba	Jul 1, 1898
John J. Doran	Navy	Boatswain's Mate Second Class	aboard USS Marblehead, Battle of Cienfuegos, Cuba	May 11, 1898
Austin J. Durney	Navy	Blacksmith	aboard USS Nashville, Battle of Cienfuegos, Cuba	May 11, 1898
John Eglit	Navy	Seaman	aboard USS Nashville, Battle of Cienfuegos, Cuba	May 11, 1898
John W. Ehle	Navy	Fireman First Class	aboard USS Concord off Cavite, Manila Bay, the Philippines	May 21, 1898
Nick Erickson	Navy	Coxswain	aboard USS Marblehead, Battle of Cienfuegos, Cuba	May 11, 1898
Oscar W. Field	Marine Corps	Private	aboard USS Nashville, Battle of Cienfuegos, Cuba	May 11, 1898
John Fitzgerald	Marine Corps	Private	Cuzco, Cuba	Jun 14, 1898
Herbert L. Foss	Navy	Seaman	aboard USS Marblehead, Battle of Cienfuegos, Cuba	May 11, 1898
Frank O. Fournia	Army	Private	Santiago, Cuba	Jul 1, 1898
Joseph J. Franklin	Marine Corps	Private	aboard USS Nashville, Battle of Cienfuegos, Cuba	May 11, 1898
Philip Gaughan	Marine Corps	Sergeant	aboard USS Nashville, Battle of Cienfuegos, Cuba	May 11, 1898
Michael Gibbons	Navy	Oiler	aboard USS Nashville near Cienfugos, Cuba	May 11, 1898
Freeman Gill	Navy	Gunner's Mate First Class	aboard USS Marblehead, Battle of Cienfuegos, Cuba	May 11, 1898
Thomas J. Graves	Army	Private	Battle of El Caney, Cuba	Jul 1, 1898
Benjamin F. Hardaway	Army	First Lieutenant	Battle of El Caney, Cuba	Jul 1, 1898
William Hart	Navy	Machinist First Class	aboard USS Marblehead, Battle of Cienfuegos, Cuba	May 11, 1898
John William Heard	Army	First Lieutenant	Mouth of Manimani River, west of Bahia Honda, Cuba	Jul 23, 1898
Henry Hendrickson	Navy	Seaman	aboard USS Marblehead, Battle of Cienfuegos, Cuba	May 11, 1898
Frank Hill	Marine Corps	Private	aboard USS Nashville, Battle of Cienfuegos, Cuba	May 11, 1898
Thomas Hoban	Navy	Coxswain	aboard USS Nashville, Battle of Cienfuegos, Cuba	May 11, 1898
Richmond P. Hobson	Navy	Lieutenant	USS Merrimac, harbor of Santiago de Cuba	Jun 3, 1898
James L. Hull	Navy	Fireman First Class	aboard USS Concord off Cavite, Manila Bay, the Philippines	May 21, 1898
Franz A. Itrich	Navy	Chief Carpenter's Mate	aboard USS Petrel, Manila, the Philippines	May 1, 1898
Alexander Jardine	Navy	Fireman First Class	aboard USS Potomac from Cat Island to Nassau	Nov 14, 1898
John P. Johanson	Navy	Seaman	aboard USS Marblehead, Battle of Cienfuegos, Cuba	May 11, 1898
Johan J. Johansson	Navy	Ordinary Seaman	aboard USS Nashville, Battle of Cienfuegos, Cuba	May 11, 1898
Hans Johnsen	Navy	Chief Machinist	aboard USS Winslow, Battle of Cárdenas, Cuba	May 11, 1898
Peter Johnson	Navy	Fireman First Class	aboard USS Vixen	May 28, 1898
Michael Kearney	Marine Corps	Private	aboard USS Nashville, Battle of Cienfuegos, Cuba	May 11, 1898
Philip B. Keefer	Navy	Coppersmith	aboard USS Iowa off Santiago de Cuba	Jul 20, 1898
William Keller	Army	Private	Santiago de Cuba	Jul 1, 1898
Francis Kelly	Navy	Watertender	USS Merrimac, harbor of Santiago de Cuba	Jun 2, 1898
Thomas Kelly	Army	Private	Santiago de Cuba	Jul 1, 1898
Franz Kramer	Navy	Seaman	aboard USS Marblehead, Battle of Cienfuegos, Cuba	May 11, 1898
Ernest Krause	Navy	Coxswain	aboard USS Nashville, Battle of Cienfuegos, Cuba	May 11, 1898
Hermann W. Kuchneister	Marine Corps	Private	aboard USS Marblehead, Battle of Cienfuegos, Cuba	May 11, 1898
Fitz Lee	Army	Private	Battle of Tayacoba, Cuba	Jun 30, 1898
William Levery	Navy	Apprentice First Class	aboard USS Marblehead, Battle of Cienfuegos, Cuba	May 11, 1898
Harry L. MacNeal	Marine Corps	Private	aboard USS Brooklyn, Battle of Santiago de Cuba	Jul 3, 1898
George F. Mager	Navy	Apprentice First Class	aboard USS Marblehead, Battle of Cienfuegos, Cuba	May 11, 1898
George Mahoney	Navy	Fireman First Class	aboard USS Vixen	May 28, 1898
John Maxwell	Navy	Fireman Second Class	aboard USS Marblehead, Battle of Cienfuegos, Cuba	May 11, 1898
James Meredith	Marine Corps	Private	aboard USS Marblehead, Battle of Cienfuegos, Cuba	May 11, 1898
William Meyer	Navy	Carpenter's Mate Third Class	aboard USS Nashville, Battle of Cienfuegos, Cuba	May 11, 1898
Harry H. Miller	Navy	Seaman	aboard USS Nashville, Battle of Cienfuegos, Cuba	May 11, 1898
Willard Miller	Navy	Seaman	aboard USS Nashville, Battle of Cienfuegos, Cuba	May 11, 1898
Albert Leopold Mills	Army	Captain and Assistant Adjutant General	Near Santiago, Cuba	Jul 1, 1898
Daniel Montague	Navy	Chief Master-at-Arms	USS Merrimac, harbor of Santiago de Cuba	Jun 2, 1898
William H. Morin	Navy	Boatswain's Mate Second Class	aboard USS Marblehead at the approaches to Caimanera, Guantanamo Bay, Cuba	Jul 26, 1898 – Jul 27, 1898
Frederick Muller	Navy	Mate	aboard USS Wompatuck, First Battle of Manzanillo, Cuba	Jun 30, 1898
John E. Murphy	Navy	Coxswain	USS Merrimac, harbor of Santiago de Cuba	Jun 2, 1898
James J. Nash	Army	Private	Santiago, Cuba	Jul 1, 1898
George H. Nee	Army	Private	Santiago, Cuba	Jul 1, 1898
Lauritz Nelson	Navy	Sailmaker's Mate	aboard USS Nashville, Battle of Cienfuegos, Cuba	May 11, 1898
William Oakley	Navy	Gunner's Mate Second Class	aboard USS Marblehead, Battle of Cienfuegos, Cuba	May 11, 1898
Anton Olsen	Navy	Ordinary Seaman	aboard USS Marblehead, Battle of Cienfuegos, Cuba	May 11, 1898
Pomeroy Parker	Marine Corps	Private	aboard USS Nashville, Battle of Cienfuegos, Cuba	May 11, 1898
Robert Penn	Navy	Fireman First Class	aboard USS Iowa off Santiago de Cuba	Jul 20, 1898
Herman Pfisterer	Army	Musician	Santiago, Cuba	Jul 1, 1898
George F. Phillips	Navy	Machinist First Class	USS Merrimac, harbor of Santiago de Cuba	Jun 2, 1898
Alfred Polond	Army	Private	Santiago, Cuba	Jul 1, 1898
John H. Quick	Marine Corps	Sergeant	battle of Cuzco, Cuba	Jun 14, 1898
Alexander M. Quinn	Army	Sergeant	Santiago, Cuba	Jul 1, 1898
Norman W. Ressler	Army	Corporal	Battle of El Caney, Cuba	Jul 1, 1898
John P. Rilley	Navy	Landsman	aboard USS Nashville, Battle of Cienfuegos, Cuba	May 11, 1898
Charles DuVal Roberts	Army	Second Lieutenant	Battle of El Caney, Cuba	Jul 1, 1898
Theodore Roosevelt*	Army	Lieutenant Colonel	Battle of San Juan Hill, near Santiago de Cuba	Jul 1, 1898
Henry P. Russell	Navy	Landsman	aboard USS Marblehead, Battle of Cienfuegos, Cuba	May 11, 1898
Joseph F. Scott	Marine Corps	Private	aboard USS Nashville, Battle of Cienfuegos, Cuba	May 11, 1898
Warren J. Shepherd	Army	Corporal	Battle of El Caney, Cuba	Jul 1, 1898
William Spicer	Navy	Gunner's Mate First Class	aboard USS Marblehead at the approaches to Caimanera, Guantanamo Bay, Cuba	Jul 26, 1898 – Jul 27, 1898
Edward Sullivan	Marine Corps	Private	aboard USS Marblehead, Battle of Cienfuegos, Cuba	May 11, 1898
Axel Sundquist	Navy	Chief Carpenter's Mate	aboard USS Marblehead at the approaches to Caimanera, Guantanamo Bay, Cuba	Jul 26, 1898 – Jul 27, 1898
Gustav A. Sundquist	Navy	Ordinary Seaman	aboard USS Nashville, Battle of Cienfuegos, Cuba	May 11, 1898
William H. Thompkins	Army	Private	Battle of Tayacoba, Cuba	Jun 30, 1898
Samuel Triplett	Navy	Ordinary Seaman	aboard USS Marblehead at the approaches to Caimanera, Guantanamo Bay, Cuba	Jul 26, 1898 – Jul 27, 1898
Albert Vadas	Navy	Seaman	aboard USS Marblehead, Battle of Cienfuegos, Cuba	May 11, 1898
Hudson Van Etten	Navy	Seaman	aboard USS Nashville, Battle of Cienfuegos, Cuba	May 11, 1898
Robert Volz	Navy	Seaman	aboard USS Nashville, Battle of Cienfuegos, Cuba	May 11, 1898
George H. Wanton	Army	Private	Battle of Tayacoba, Cuba	Jun 30, 1898
Ira Clinton Welborn	Army	Second Lieutenant	Santiago, Cuba	Jul 2, 1898
Bruno Wende	Army	Private	Battle of El Caney, Cuba	Jul 1, 1898
Walter S. West	Marine Corps	Private	aboard USS Marblehead, Battle of Cienfuegos, Cuba	May 11, 1898
Julius A. R. Wilke	Navy	Boatswain's Mate First Class	aboard USS Marblehead, Battle of Cienfuegos, Cuba	May 11, 1898
Frank Williams	Navy	Seaman	aboard USS Marblehead, Battle of Cienfuegos, Cuba	May 11, 1898